What process does "subtitling" refer to in localization?

Subtitling refers specifically to the process of creating translated text that is displayed on-screen during videos. This involves taking the original spoken content and translating it into text that viewers can read, typically synchronized with the audio. It aims to provide access to the content for non-native speakers or for those who are hearing impaired, ensuring that the meaning and context of the dialogue are conveyed accurately. This process requires not only translation skills but also an understanding of timing and how text is displayed on-screen, as it has to match the audio and fit within the visual format of the video without obscuring important visual elements.

The other options do not accurately describe the subtitling process; they refer to different forms of localization such as audio recording for translations or editing material for cultural fit.